An Examination of Music in The Tempest Essay - 2852 Words

An Examination of Music in The Tempest Compared to plays written for public playhouses, The Tempest offers a unique emphasis on music. Hiring extra musicians, along with the time constraints usually resulted in small attention given to this area (Long 95). Given the large degree of detail allotted to music in the play, it is believed the audience to have been upper class, however, music of The Tempest serves a variety of functions beyond that of mere entertainment. By exploring the evidence provided in The Tempest, we can reveal some of these functions that music serves in the play. Direct roles of music in The Tempest: Mental manipulation Music in The Tempest is utilized by Ariel to manipulate his victims in a†¦show more content†¦Soon following this initial enticement of Ferdinand, we have the introduction of Miranda and their instant attraction. The function of Ariels first interaction becomes seemingly apparent-Miranda appears and Ferdinand seems to find his senses, relating her as the goddess on whom these airs attend! (1.2.423). He becomes attached to Miranda as the source of this music since Ariel is nowhere to be seen, and Prosperos plot begins to thicken. The function of the music not only influences the mood of Ferdinand, but also helps to create an idealization of Miranda in him. Ariels ability to influence the characters on this island in his subtle ways allows for him to make the characters believe they are actually responsible for their actions, despite being under the influence of his music. His ability to walk around invisible makes this manipulation all the easier, and he uses this form to his advantage many times. His mental manipulations not only trick Caliban, effectively thwarting his plot to overthrow Prospero and retain his island, but also unites Miranda and Ferdinand. Ultimately, the music accomplishes whatever Prospero wills, and the sleight of mind that occurs is just one example of the type of role that music plays. Physical Manipulation The first example of physical manipulation we have is when Ariel uses his solemn music to put Gonzalo and his menShow MoreRelatedAdolf Hitler And His Influence On The World War II848 Words   |  4 Pagesregarded my dad, yet my mom I cherished. (Haugen, 25). After his mom s passing, he lived with his closest companion, August Kubizek, in Vienna to study music together. He began to create scorn against non-Aryans as he invested energy in Vienna. In 1913, Hitler moved to Munich, Germany, where the Austrian Army called him for a physical examination. In spite of the fact that he was discovered unfit for administration, he instantly volunteered to turn into a dispatcher and he got acknowledged. 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My Dream Job Become a Chef - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 616 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/09/20 Category Career Essay Type Argumentative essay Level High school Tags: My Dream Job Essay Did you like this example? My name is Kenneth Jerome Verrette, I am 23 years of age. I am currently attending The Art Institute of Dallas acquiring my Associates in Applied Science under Culinary Arts. I was always in the kitchen as a kid. I love to cook a variety of foods. There have only been a handful of dishes that I have prepared that were not up to par. I chose to take a cooking class in high school over other electives. So let see as to why I was destined to become a chef from a child. I love to cook. Growing up, I would always be in the kitchen, and it didn’t matter as to whose house that I was in. I would always ask if there was something that I could do to help out. I remember one Thanksgiving when I was at my Grandmother’s house and it was my job to make the mashed potatoes and sweet potatoes. I think that was some of the most fun that I have had in the kitchen. It ended up being the hit of the evening. When I got out of high school I didn’t touch the cooking side of things for a couple of years. I actually specialized in weapons and missiles while I was in the military. But when I got out because I got disabled I knew that I had to go to school because I couldn’t sit behind a desk again. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "My Dream Job: Become a Chef" essay for you Create order I had done that before and I knew that I couldn’t sit behind a desk for 8 hours a day or more, I needed to be active. The day that I went to look into enrolling into this school, the individual gave me a tour of the school. When we got back to his desk and I knew that I was going to enroll and I signed the papers and knew that I just entered the career that I was destined to be in. I love to cook. I have cooked many of different dishes from around the world and I am always interested in new dishes to cook at home with my girlfriend. It is always fun cooking something new and tasting it for the first time after it has been prepared. I go out to eat occasionally and the food is good but there is something better about eating at home something that I have prepared myself. I would much rather cook at home 3 meals a day than go out to eat. When I was in my sophomore year in high school, I was asked to take an elective and I remember seeing the cooking class on the paper. I remember saying to myself that was the class that I was going to take before I had even looked at the other classes that there were to offer. The whole time that I took that class I had a blast. I remember when we had to make something and bring it in to class for everyone to taste. I made chocolate pancakes that had chocolate chips in them because I knew that I could make them well and they were my favorite. When I brought them into class they were eaten up within minutes of being uncovered. It made me very pleased knowing that they were that good. As you can see from a child I was destined to become a chef. From all of the times of being in a kitchen, from the class that I took in high school, to getting out of the military and enrolling in this school. I just couldn’t get aw ay from the kitchen. Cooking it was my career from the start.

Black And White Lives Reshaping And Reordering After The...

Black and white lives required reshaping and reordering after the Civil War. The problems caused by the Civil War left white and black people in a social void where political and social identities would need to be redefined. The Federal Government was not capable of defining or implementing policies that would aide in the resocialization of elite whites, poor whites, and freed blacks. The Civil War caused shock, trauma and uncertainty. Ex-slaves had to define who they were in relationship to each other, whites and freedom. The future of ex-slaves â€Å"uncertain and undefined by law† (Dr. Prior) created social friction between plantation elites, and disenfranchised whites. Ex-slaves were called freedman. The ex-slaves would have to define who they were in newly acquired social space. Being free meant disrupting the social order. Ex-slaves took it upon themselves to define who they would become in public and private spaces. Reordering their lives and refashioning their identities would not come without consequences. Plantation elites who experienced the blunt of the war found themselves stripped of their roles as masters of their domain, family and slaves. Disenfranchised whites without land, power and wealth seized what opportunities they could to elevate their status in a society turned upside down. The Federal Supreme court decision in 1857 Dred Scott (Lecture 15, Slide12) case ruled that Negros were without rights and property. This ruling allowed slavery intoShow MoreRelatedLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages. . 189 Task Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Matrix Organizational Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Teams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Reshaping the Library’s Organizational Structure . . . . 193 The Library Organization of the Future . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 Section 4: Human Resources 10—Staffing the

Venezuelas Geography Venezuela - 1550 Words

Before the early 20th century when one considered Venezuela they thought of Venezuela’s coffee and cocoa exports, however ever since the discovery of petroleum during the early 20th century, Venezuela is one of the world’s largest exporter of oil. They are also one of the first founding members of OPEC. However Venezuela has much more to offer than oil and coffee. Currently Venezuela is rapidly expanding and becoming more stable. Compared to the countries past the economy is strong and growing every year. The most interesting thing about Venezuela is their unique infrastructure. Currently their entire economy is dependent on oil however due to the dramatic changes that have occurred in the recent decades in Venezuela the profits made from†¦show more content†¦Something unique about the country is that it is positioned in both he northern and western hemispheres and is located on the northern edge of South America. Venezuela has an extremely diverse ecosystem. Though the country is in the tropics the climate fluctuates between tropical humid and Alpine depending where one is in the country and the force of winds. Most of the country has a set rainy season. The rainy season is from May to November and is commonly referred to as winter while the rest of the year as summer. Many geographers break down Venezuela â€Å"four fairly well-defined regions: the Maracaibo lowlands in the northwest, the Northern mountains extending in a broad east-west arc from the Colombian border along the Caribbean Sea, the wide Orinoco plains in central Venezuela, and the highly dissected Guiana highlands in the southeast† (Richard). The Maracaibo lowlands are flat and Lake Maracaibo is located in this region as well. The Northern Mountains are an extension of the famous Andes chain. This region also has many valleys between the ranges and is home to most of the country’s population. The Orinoco Plains start westward from the Caribbean coast and go to the Colombian border between the Northern Mountains and Rio Orinoco. Llanos is what this region is commonly referred as. The Guiana Highlands is one of the oldest landforms found in South America. Due to erosion unusual formations are found in this region; the highlands also

Counselling Interpersonal and Verbal Interaction

Question: Discuss about the Counsellingfor Interpersonal and Verbal Interaction. Answer: The Aim of the Practical The aim of the practical is to demonstrate and inculcate the attentive behaviour that is an important skill required in counselling. The interpersonal and verbal interaction takes place if the attentive behaviour is attained. The establishment of a specialised human behaviour takes place when the interpersonal interaction takes place between the counsellor and the client. For achieving the attention of mind that is required while listening or focusing on the other person and what they say or feel, this practical is performed. The practical demonstrated attention and interest along with physical attending during a counselling that is required between the counsellor and client. The practical also demonstrated the basic elements of physical attending through the non-attending in a one-to-one situation and close attending. The practical also demonstrated group discussion through the exercise three minutes topic where there is interchange of roles that involves the speaker and listener (M agill et al., 2014). Materials Used There was no material that was used for the practical. The practical involved the use of verbal and non-verbal communication as a way to interact between the counsellor and the client. There was demonstration of attending behaviour through concentration and alertness of mind. In addition, the basic elements like A-Availability, R-Relaxed, O-Open, L-Lean, E-Eye, F-Face and N-Nod. The practical comprises of physical attention, communication and body language. Another practical consists of close attending and non-attending where once the listener becomes the speaker and vice-versa that would help the person to inculcate both the qualities of a good speaker and listener (Draxten, Flattum Fulkerson, 2016). Procedure Followed Firstly, in the practical, a partner was chosen from the group. On is named A and another B. Two topics were chosen from the Three Minutes Topics on which one can talk for two to three minutes. Then, partner A becomes the speaker that adopted the attending position and partner B becomes the listener. Then exercise begins with non-attending in a one-to-one situation. At the end of the two to three minutes, the partners write down their experiences as a speaker as well as a listener. Then, they repeat the exercise with close attending situation. Then , partner A adopts the attending position and partner B becomes the listener by attending closely and listening to the speaker. At the end of the exercise, they again write down their experiences as speaker and listener by reversing their roles and repeating the exercise. Finally, there is group discussion where people form groups and collate the responses in non-attending and close attending situations. The practicals content is to attend attentive behaviour, interpersonal communication skills, verbal interaction and physical attending during a counselling or psychotherapy session (Hald, Baker Ridder, 2017). Summary of Outcomes The outcomes of the practical were to attend the interpersonal and verbal interaction that is required during a counselling or psychotherapy session. The practical was intended to focus on positive message through the demonstration of listening and speaking that are required to attend the attentive behaviour during a counselling session. Moreover, it also helped to achieve the basic elements of physical attending that is required to attain attention, communication and concentration towards the person to whom one is listening and vice-versa (Danziger, 2013). Personal Comments on Relation Between Practical and Real Life Experience: Interpersonal communication has a huge impact on the counselling process, it allows the participants of the counselling to express their feelings in clarity and it brings transparency to the interpretation of the listener as well (Broadbent, 2013). In this practical both parties engaged in interpersonal verbal communication using non attending and close attending approach. In this approach one of the members has to be the speaker and the other has to listen and record their feelings and experience. In the next setting both members will swap places and record their experience as well. This practice allows the members the opportunity to experience both speaking their mind on a chosen topic without any apprehension, and on the other hand lets the member practice the perseverance required to listen to other people communicate their views without interrupting them. In my opinion this exercise has enabled me to explore my skills, principles and confidence, has enabled me a way to reflect on my communicational prowess. This exercise has also made me aware of the approach and tone of my verbal interactions and has helped me evaluate if my message are well articulated and coherent. With the feedback from my partner I also received a clear idea about how my thoughts are conveyed when I am communicating them to my audience and what impact my choice of words have. The purpose of this exercise was to help us overcome our communicational apprehension both in personal and professional context. I would like to add that this exercise held true to its actual purpose and helped me overcome my communicational apprehension and lack of confidence. I am confident and assertive in my communication without seeming offensive or crude, and can freely speak my mind in my educational, personal and professional life. It has also given me the insight to respect others and their opinions while they speak and I have started paying attention to when my peers speak to me. I have overcome my tendency to zone out when they speak to me and I can now engage in fruitful conservation outside of my comfort zone of university peers. Relevance in PracticalCounselling: Verbal communication is the first interaction technique used in the professional counselling and is still is the first choice of psychologists worldwide. Effective interpersonal communication is vital in counselling for the professional to interpret the thoughts and feelings that the client is likely to hide from the rest of the world (Broadbent, 2013). It requires confrontation, persuasion and coercions for a psychotherapist to extract experiences and elements from the past of the clients that might hold a key to the psychological issue the individual is undergoing. Drawing the concepts of popular communication theories, like uncertainty reduction theory, interpersonal communication allows the counsellors to gain vital knowledge about their clients and helps in categorizing different clients according to their nature and characteristics (Cook et al., 2013). According to the social exchange theory, communication builds a mutually respectful relationship between the counsellor and its client so that the client can feel comfortable to approach the counsellors with their secrets and grievances. In my opinion different people have different personalities, with attributes that have developed from the past experiences (Dainton Zelley, 2014). As different individuals must have had different experiences throughout their life, it is only natural that their characteristics will be unique and unpredictable. Communication helps in decoding different actions and attitude of different individuals, study the effects and get to the cause of it. According to the onion theory, different individuals have different personalities and each personality has different layers to it (Heath Bryant, 2013). Each of these layers is somewhat interconnected to each other. Interpersonal communication helps in peeling away the layers of pretence we put forth for the world to see, and get to the inner personality that we tend to keep hidden from the world. It helps the counsellors to find the real personality of their clients so that they can arrive at what has propelled the psychological disturbance (Pinto et al., 2012). All of these theories have different approaches to them but have a similar conception arriving at the same conclusion. Without verbal communication, a psychotherapist cannot comprehend the thoughts and feelings that the patient is experiencing and as a result it is impossible to arrive at a treatment that would help the patients (West Turner, 2013). In the practical we learned the basics of effective communication; we learned not just to speak our mind we learned to listen as well. It has to be considered that it is imperative for a good psychotherapist to have patients listening capabilities as well. Hence in my opinion this practical would be instrumental in shaping me and preparing me for my career in psychology. References Broadbent, D. E. (2013).Perception and communication. Elsevier. Cook, K. S., Cheshire, C., Rice, E. R., Nakagawa, S. (2013). Social exchange theory. InHandbook of social psychology(pp. 61-88). Springer Netherlands. Dainton, M., Zelley, E. D. (2014).Applying communication theory for professional life: A practical introduction. Sage publications. Danziger, K. (2013).Interpersonal Communication: Pergamon General Psychology Series(Vol. 53). Elsevier. Draxten, M., Flattum, C., Fulkerson, J. (2016). An example of how to supplement goal setting to promote behavior change for families using motivational interviewing.Health communication,31(10), 1276-1283. Hald, S. V., Baker, F. A., Ridder, H. M. (2017). A preliminary evaluation of the interpersonal music-communication competence scales.Nordic Journal of Music Therapy,26(1), 40-61. Heath, R. L., Bryant, J. (2013).Human communication theory and research: Concepts, contexts, and challenges. Routledge. Magill, M., Gaume, J., Apodaca, T. R., Walthers, J., Mastroleo, N. R., Borsari, B., Longabaugh, R. (2014). The technical hypothesis of motivational interviewing: A meta-analysis of MIs key causal model. Pinto, R. Z., Ferreira, M. L., Oliveira, V. C., Franco, M. R., Adams, R., Maher, C. G., Ferreira, P. H. (2012). Patient-centred communication is associated with positive therapeutic alliance: a systematic review.Journal of physiotherapy,58(2), 77-87. West, R., Turner, L. H. (2013). Introducing Communication Theory: Analysis and Application (2013 Ed.).

Evaluate the Strengths and Weaknesses free essay sample

Reasoning is the thinking that is coherent and logical. As the dictionary definition very clearly and correctly states, reasoning is certain thinking or a conclusion drawn from a logical fact. Hence, the reasoning of a certain thing, which is a conclusion drawn from an existing fact or the happening of an event, is trusted more than the conclusion which is drawn due the development of ones emotions. Consequently, when a person would say to another, mfoure being emotional, it is considered as a cynical comment while the statement, mfoure being logical is taken as praise. Therefore, it is obvious that logic and reasoning holds strengths which are stronger than those of emotions. In todays world, the younger generation is burdened by a number of axioms, theorems and laws which they have to use in their daily studies. It is globally known that these laws were discovered and explored by both scientists, and mathematicians, and the very reason why they were discovered is that these great scientists had researched and come to a certain conclusion after performing certain experiments. Hence comes about one of the strengths of reasoning one can reason nd come to a correct final Judgement with the date provided, as long as the data is logical and acceptable. Thus, in applied sciences reasoning plays a very important role as it is solely due to the reasoning of certain things that today we can take the help of these axioms and theorem without maintaining any doubt in our minds. In addition to the help provided by reasoning, to hard sciences, reasoning also maintains its advantages in the field of commerce and human sciences, because, in economics and business studies, it is very important to reason and reach a certain onclusion. This is because, when businesses need to do market research to find out whether they should invest in order to achieve growth, or launch a new product/ improved product, they would research and do sampling in order to see things which are important to the business, such as the trend in demand for a certain commodity, or even the effect of certain external factor on the business, the business can find the reason behind the occurrence of the trend and can hence increase the revenues and profits of the company. Likewise, in economics, in order to fgure out how an economy is doing, it is important to find out the trend in a certain thing, for example, the GNP or GDP of the economy, and hence find the reason why the trend is such. Hence, if the right reason has been found, then due to the reasoning of the occurrence of such a trend, the economy can find ways to improve the economy, and hence benefit the economy. Therefore, in soft sciences, the role that reasoning plays is very important because it is due this that conclusions can be made and can hence be worked upon. However, on the contrary, Reasoning does have many limitations, one of them fear, anxiety, happiness, sorrow and what a grave impact these emotions have on our lives. Due to this, it is possible that the reasoning behind certain things may not be correct because emotions are no included in the reasoning. An example of such a thing is when economic development of a country takes place. Economic development is considered to take place when the standard of living of the residents of the people increases. However, this is not measured by emotions, and it is easured by the Gross Domestic Product and National Income of the country because it is assumed that when a labour unit earns more wages from his work, it increases his/her standard of living. This is NOT true in all cases. It is possible that an increase in salary of the workers is a result of increases sales, which may cause harm to the environment, and due to this, the people living in the vicinity of the polluted area may not have experienced an increase in their standard of living. Another possibility is that due to the increase in income of some part of the opulation, there may an increase in inequality, hence causing a decline in the standard of living of the people who are get less wages. Therefore, one very big limitation of reason is that it does not account for any emotions which are involved in the scenario. In addition, another weakness of reason is that is does not people open their minds to newer prospects because the reason restricts their mind to think in only one way. For example, in the book Train to Pakistan, by Khushwant Singh, the police Just rrest Juggut Singh, thinking that he was involved in the murder of Lala Ram Lal without any proof actual proof of what exactly happened, because Juggut Singh was a known badmash and that may have been a grave enough reason for the police to arrest him. This incident in the book shows that without knowing the culprit, the wrong person was arrested Just because the person arrested had no other reputation except that of a scoundrel. Hence, this example shows that when there is a reason behind something, which in this case was Juggut Singhs poor reputation, it akes the other people, who are involved in the scene, less open-minded. Furthermore, reasoning is only possible when the correct data and required knowledge are present. This is because reasoning is only based on the data which is provided, and cannot be based on data that has not been taken into account. For example, if an event occurs periodically, and one observes Just one of the occurring and bases his/her reason on that, then it is very likely that the reasoning behind it may be wrong because that one occurrence on the basis of which the reasoning was one may be an exception. Hence, this proves that reasoning takes only those things into account which are present, and it does not into account the certain data which is not present. Likewise, in the absence of the correct knowledge, the reasoning behind a certain event may be wrong. This is mainly because our knowledge is our guide, our map of the world and hence, when we do not know the main reason behind it, the reasoning we give for the happening of something may be wrong. For example, when is not doing work, then the businessman will provide such reasoning that is not elated to anything scientific, and hence the reasoning given for such a thing is wrong. In the same manner, reasoning may vary from person to person because this depends on peoples perspectives and perceptions and biases. For example, if 5 people are put to stand in front of a painting, and asked to give reasoning as to why the artist would have painted this picture, every person would have had given a different reason because everyones reasons and Judgement differ from those of others. Hence, reason faces limitations because different people percept things ifferently, and hence the reasons that they give for the happening of a product may differ from those of the others. One very big limitation of reason is that sometimes, the reason is not believed by many despite the reason being true. One example showing this is in the book The Outsider by Albert Camus. In this book, when Mr. Meursalt kills the Arab, the actual reason behind him doing so was the heat of the sun, but when he says so in the court, no-one is ready to believe him because the reason itself is hardly cogent. Therefore, the reason will only be accepted by the people when it is acceptable, otherwise the reason is considered false. Therefore, after seeing what the strengths and weaknesses of reason are, i believe that even thought reason may have brought about great scientific inventions and discoveries, somehow, reason only seems applicable to those situations where emotions or deceptions are not involved such as those areas where logic and facts are to be used to come to a decision, and not where ones emotions and feelings come together to decide the actual reason for something happening.

The Process of Organizational Change-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Explain why organisations need to change with reference to internal and external factors. 2.Explain how change can Impact an Organisations Business. 3.Explain the main factors involved in the change process. 4.Compare and contrast different approaches to Managing change. 5.Compare and contrast the different behavioural responses people may demonstrate when an Organisation is experiencing change. 6.Explain the role of HR in supporting individuals during Organisational change. Answers: Brief view of Organisation The organization was established on 1989 and the organisational operation started from then. It employed near about 10000 people for 3000 sites and is becoming one of the management provider facilities globally. The organisations has a mission of becoming the leading firms in the field of security in United Kingdom. The organisation requires in including changes in the security division for achieving this goal. 1.Organisations need to change with reference to internal and external factors The organisation requires to incorporate changes those are effective for reaching the desired vision. The organisation has the vision of becoming the leading security firms in UK. This mission aims the organisation in increasing the position of the market, improving the creditability of the stakeholder, retaining valuable talent and promoting engagement. One option for the change is providing the period of security to the other firms can be increased from five years to ten years (Olins 2017). PESTLE analysis is been used by the organisation as a tool for analysing the position on the terms of external factors. This analysis assists the organisation in overcoming the threats of long and short term. An important role is been played by the internal drivers for permitting the change to occur. HR may utilise the components of CIPD professional map of HR for helping in the sectors where the changes are required to be implemented. If organisation is lacking skills as well as knowledge it may struggle a lot in meeting the objectives. Organisation should focus on team meetings, induction and regular training and incorporate them for ensuring that the aim of the employees is to act on the benefit of the company (Burke 2017). The style that the management could adapt is increasing the monthly training for maximising as well as motivating employees to do innovative works and helping the company for retaining the workforce who are driven and empowered. The employees have to develop the cultures and habits for working longer than the office hours for meeting the organisations growing demand. When a negative culture is been displayed by the employees within the organisation and it yields in customer loss as well as restricts the company from reaching to its ultimate mission (Burke 2017). The work culture of 24*7 results in maximisation of demands of the employees which is quite logical and it can adversely affect the organisation. The organisation implemented the policy where no contracts are been permitted for declined. This change within the organisation is required for its growth but this specific change may add extra pressure on the employees. The incorporation of innovative technologies like electronic logging is an effective change within the system as it will bring many changes such as time consumption for specific programme will reduce to a great deal (Cumming and Worley 2014). It will permit the monitoring on the employment of a new team. These organisational changes are required for an organisation for remaining competitive within the market. The global factors like civil unrest have an adverse impact on some of the current ongoing projects which incorporates the safeguarding sites. To ensure that protestors cannot harm the customers as well as organisation al operation so the extra security is needed for organisation (Hayes 2014). Moreover, addition of the extra resources is costly, so the changes are required for retaining the customers as well as safeguarding the future contracts. 2.Impact of changes on organisation he change that the organisation needs to undergo for becoming the leading security company may have some impact on the organisation which can have both positive as well as negative impact on the organisation. This may lead to the changes in the role of jobs for the employees of the organisation. Lewins Force Field is one of the significant tools for HR which they can use for understanding the requirements of the changed environment within the organisation (Appelbaum 2013). Driving as well as restraining factors exists when an organisation undergoes changes. Changes incorporating the new technology introduction, alteration in the office seating plan must be faced both with optimism as well as resistance. Thus the management requires in ensuring the communication in bidirectional way in order to assists the organisational change and ensure that the change has the positive impact on the employees. When the growth takes place in a quick matter of time the issues of lack of resource might be faced by the company. The issues of existing as well as potential contracts might become phenomenal with such a rapid pace of growth. This may account for the job roles to be changed for the employees in the organisation. If integration is not been handled appropriately then change in the team layouts as well as structures which may cause disgruntles among the employees. If integrity is handled properly it enhances the team work with the productivity as well as morale of the employees. If the employees are given training on their job they will gain experience which will ultimately help the organisation in getting the high skilled employees. The positive impacts of these changes helps in improving the flexibility, processes, turnover, morale, motivation and team work. The negative impacts of the organisation if the organisations is not been well managed, staff thinking on the security of the job that cab reduce the productivity and the motivation of the staffs (Clegg, Kornberger and Pitsis 2015). 3.Factors involved in the change process The major factors that are been associated with the change in the organisation is the firstly the project team needs to identify the changeable areas for allowing the organisation for progress as well as achieve the objectives for expanding the business. Numerous resources in the form of new employees as well as innovative technologies are required to be implemented within the organisation for guaranteeing that the change in the organisation has been achieved with success (Anderson 2016). The vision once been created requires to be directed to employees for ensuring that everyone has understood the causes for the requirement of implementing the changes within the organisation. The organisation has a goal of making the turnover triple in the coming three years and therefore the security director needs to be remaining committed for the cause and then filter the implemented changes in the management structures. A bidirectional communication strategy is very much required for encouraging the employees. Team meetings should be arranged regularly in order to making the employees be involved in discussion procedure and also taking active part in the process of decision making. The employees should be ensured that their works would be recognised by giving rewards to them which can boosts their morality and helps in maximising their productivity (Cameron and Whetten 2013). The incorporation of publishing monthly news paper within the organisation allows them to update the employees on the progress of company on a continuously basis. It gives a vivid idea to the employees on the organisations success in meeting the changes. The market trends as well as the competitors organisation success should be incorporated in the news paper which will help in promoting the spirits of the employees and help them to track the companys progress. 4.Comparing and contrasting different types of approaches of changes In this section emphasis is led on the comparing as well as contrasting the changes that the organisation implemented. The management of changes are required to be done effectively for recognising the approaches which are needed to be applied for becoming successful. The approaches of the changes which include approaches of adaption and revolution are exactly the complementary approaches to each other. Adaption is referred to as the management of slower and the smaller changes implemented for the operation and revolution is the implemented for the rapid and major changes in the organisations operation (Burke 2017). However the approaches of Revolution and reconstruction have similarities as they are fast and needs actions those are assertive. These approaches also have restricted time for consultation as well as it involves maximum stakeholders. On the other hand the approach of Evolution is a much slower process and it allows sufficient time for employees for getting involved and th en take sufficient time for making the decision (Miller and Barbour 2014). Evolution has one contrast with adaption as adaption involves the staffs after the changes have been implemented within the organisation. Therefore for the approach of adaption does not permit the employees to involve and thus effective management is absent. The organisation implemented the strategic approach which includes the change processes as well as time to recruit and this differs from on-site as there is existence of operational focus. The strategic approach is been implemented in the entire company for ensuring that stakeholders has the knowledge of the vision of the organisation and about the roles they need to perform for meeting the objectives. 5.Comparing and contrasting different behavioural changes in employees The five stage models of Kubler-Ross determines the people experiences that they often confronts when changes are been implemented within an organisation. This tool can be very helpful for HR as it supports the involvement of all the stakeholders. All the stages are not been experienced by all the stakeholders at the same time. The reactions that the individuals shows are been demonstrated as depression, denial, acceptance, anger and exploitation. The employees faces these reactions in various ways depending on the changes are positive or negative (Smither, Houston and McIntire 2016). When the news of change is been absorbed as well as understood the employees expression could be denial which is because of the information lacking as well as fear of the outcomes of the unknown changes. This reaction is very much different than that of exploration where the employees have accepted as well as engaged in the changes and discovering the benefit of the changes that have been implemented. T he similarity between both the reactions is they have the reluctance of accepting the changes. In the spectrum of behaviour denial and commitment are opposite to each other (Olins 2017). Denial expression is not accepting the changes implemented within the organisation where as commitment exhibits acceptance of the changes and work according to the changes with full commitment. 6.Role of HR in supporting individuals at the time of changes in organisation The change model of Kotter is an important guide for ensuring that the significant stakeholders are supporting the changes that are been implemented within the organisation. HR plays an important role in guaranteeing that the implemented changes will increase the productivity and competitiveness and helps in developing the organisation. HR managers are liable for establishing a significant strategy of bidirectional communication for ensuring that during the change process the stakeholders are well knowledgeable about it (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). This will help in active engagement of the stakeholders. Redundancy types of changes can affect the relationships in between the management and the employees and the processes of counselling as well as supports sessions is thus necessary. This assists in enhancing the relationships of works, reduction of stresses and it provides the required duty of the employees for the organisation. Reference List Anderson, D.L., 2016.Organization development: The process of leading organizational change. Sage Publications. Appelbaum, E., 2013. The impact of new forms of work organization on workers.Work and Employment in the High Performance Workplace,120. Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Burke, W.W., 2017.Organization change: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Cameron, K.S. and Whetten, D.A. eds., 2013.Organizational effectiveness: A comparison of multiple models. Academic Press. Clegg, S.R., Kornberger, M. and Pitsis, T., 2015.Managing and organizations: An introduction to theory and practice. Sage. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Hayes, J., 2014.The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Miller, K. and Barbour, J., 2014.Organizational communication: Approaches and processes. Nelson Education. Olins, W., 2017.The new guide to identity: How to create and sustain change through managing identity. Routledge. Smither, R., Houston, J. and McIntire, S., 2016.Organization development: Strategies for changing environments. Routledge.

Slavery - Causes Essays - Debt Bondage, Apprenticeship,

Slavery - Causes Slavery was caused by economic factors of the english settlers in the late 17th century. Colonists continually tried to allure laborers to the colony. The headright system was to give the indentured servant, a method of becoming independent after a number of years of service. Slavery was caused by economic reasons. Colonists chiefly relied on Indentured Servitude, inorder to facilitate their need for labor. The decreasing population combined with a need for a labor force, led colonists to believe that African slaves were the most efficient way to acquire a labor force that would satisfy their needs. Before the 1680's, Indentured Servitude was the primary source of labor in the newly developed colonies. After the 1680's, the population of the Indentured Servants decreased, exponentially. Their were a number of different reasons why the population of Indentured Servents had decreased. The indentured servents were running away from their temporary masters, to find a job where he could become more independent. Indentured servents were also dying of many diseases, which was caused by harsh conditions. The immigration of servents thus declined, becuase of the people in England being informed of the harsh treatment in the colonies. The society was where the land was easy to find, while the labor was most scarce. Indentured servitude, was a form of labor which was declining, and the need for labor increased rapidly. In the 1600's, when tobacco was founded by John Rolfe, tobacco became the main source of income for most of the colonists. The economic prosperity of the colonies was primarily dependent on the amount of tobacco produced. The growing of tobacco, needed a large amount of land, with a large stable work force. The increased demand for a large, stable work force combined with the availability of African slaves, led to the use of slavery in the colonies. During the late 17th century, the indentured servants were running away from their masters farms, if a slave had run away from their master's farms, then the slave would be easier to discern because of the color of his skin. To the planter, slavery was the ideal form of labor that would be most beneficial to productivity of his crop. Planters had an abundance of land and a shortage of labor. This relationship, made the amount of tobacco directly proportional to the number of slaves that the planter owned. Slavery was the backbone of the prosperity of the colonies. A major factor in the consideration of slaves on plantation, is the flux of the land. Tobacco was the major crop of the 17th century, and tobacco is a plant that exhausts nutrients from the soil, which led to the rotation of crops, inorder to replenish the crops. The planter needed to educate his workers on certain agricultural techniques inorder to know how to make the land most productive. With a permanent work force, such as slaves, the slaves would only require to be educated once, instead of the planters having to re-educate indentured servants every X number of years. The African slaves also had other characteristics that enticed colonists to use them as a labor force. The African slaves were immune to malaria, which resisted them from disease. The africans also were subsistence farmers in africa, thus, they had a tradition of farming, and essential agricultural skills. Slavery was a course in history, where it was opportune for the colonists to use slavery as a labor force. The decline in population of indentured servants exacerbated the situation, as time progressed, slavery became more and more imminent. Morality was not taken into consideration, because of the settlers were only viewing slavery from a economic view, rather than a humanitarian point of view. The introduction of slavery into the colonies can be summarize with a cliche of the settlers being "at the right place at the right time".

Analyse and explain the work of ONE Muslim agency working for world development Essay Example

Analyse and explain the work of ONE Muslim agency working for world development Essay Islam is a complete way of life; Islam is a faith which is appreciated all over the world and embraced by the young and old. Islam is derived from the Arabic root Salema: peace, purity, submission and obedience. In the religious sense, Islam means submission to the will of God and obedience to His law. Islam has 5 main principles (laws) which must be obeyed by every Muslim, these are a frame work of a Muslims life, these five principles are also known as the five pillars of Islam these five pillars consist of * Shahaddat which means To bear witness that there is none worthy of worship save Allah and that Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is the Messenger of Allah. * Salat which means and consists of 5 daily prayers to Allah. We will write a custom essay sample on Analyse and explain the work of ONE Muslim agency working for world development specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Analyse and explain the work of ONE Muslim agency working for world development specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Analyse and explain the work of ONE Muslim agency working for world development specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer * Zakat this is when a Muslim gives their money to people in needed * Sawam this is when a Muslim fasts in the month Ramadan for Allah. * Hajj this is when a Muslim performs the holy pilgrimage to Mecca, the house of Allah. Giving charity is recognized all over the world, and in many religions giving charity is compulsory. Even people with no faith recognize generosity as a unique quality. Islam is a religion which acknowledges the importance of giving charity. Zakat is the third obligatory pillar of Islam; Zakat is an act of generosity towards people in poverty, in order for any Muslim to perform Zakat it is important for them to have reached the Nisab which is a certain amount of wealth, 2.5% of your wealth is the minimum amount and qualifies for Zakat. The word Zakat means purification, when a Muslim is performing Zakat they are purifying their wealth and they are purifying their heart from greed. Zakat is an obligation upon every Muslim. BUT! To give Zakat youre earnings must be halal. Allah has showered us with blessings and favours and one of those blessings which he has bestowed upon us is wealth. The Quran deals with the economic aspects and provides teachings for a Muslim on the correct way of earning and spending their money. The wealth which you earn must be spent for the pleasure of Allah and spent on yourself enough to fulfil your own needs. The Quran indicates a way to deal with economic infrastructure. It clearly states a halal and haram way to earn a living. The Prophet Muhammad, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, said: Seeking halal earning is a duty after the duty. In other words working to earn a halal living is itself a religious obligation. Gaining a lot of wealth is not bad Wealth itself is not bad. In fact Quran refers to it as your wealth which Allah has made for you are means of support. There are two ways of earning wealth there is the haram way and there is the halal way the wealth you possess must be halal. There are many ways of earning halal money, for example having a small business, selling halal meat, working in a mosque ect But it is important a Muslim to earn their wealth through hard work and honesty. Our Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) once reminded us, No one has eaten better food than what he earns from the toil of his own hands But there are many temptations which lead us to earn haram money and spend our wealth unlawfully, For example to earn our money through prostitution, riba (interest), gambling, pornography and to spend our means of support on indecency (such as theatres, movie stores, clubs ect), as Allah has Cleary stated and reminded us, And do not come near Zina (fornication); indeed it is an abomination and an evil way. No matter how attractive the financial rewards of engaging in those enterprises may seem to be, a Muslim must refrain from them. This is the economic struggle of a believer. To a compassionate person who is leading a comfortable life, perhaps nothing is more painful than to learn that how much pain suffering and enduring people undergo and you cannot failed to be moved by the sight of shrivelled bodies, innocent children disfigured, people dying of hunger and refugees driven out of their homes. Poverty means for a person, country or community to lack in resources to fulfil their own needs. People who are suffering in poverty they cannot supply them selves with enough food, resources and money to survive very long, in some countries such as India people arent in poverty because they dont have enough resources they are in this position because they are to poor to afford any type of resources such as food, water, education, clothes, houses, land to grow crops ect. Poverty can be caused in many different ways such as war; these types of conflicts can lead to destroyed houses, ruined schools, destroyed lands and industries and also war can lead the country to corruption. Any country can end up in poverty if they are under debt or there business, industries or there economy system collapses. Sometimes natural disasters can cause poverty some countries are in parts of the world where natural disasters occur regularly for example Bangladesh has floods almost every year. The third world countries such as Africa, Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, Somalia, ect suffer from extreme poverty because there are no resources, no education, no food and no free medical treatment and people in third world countries are so poor in money so these people suffer from starvation, diseases and serious illnesses and are not able to afford a little bit of food so their children can eat. Over 35,000 children under the age of five every year die of starvation, serious illness, diseases or no food and no clean water. Most countries which suffer from poverty lack in resources and are underdeveloped this is why there is a serious need for world development in many countries such as Pakistan. In the world there are developed countries like Britain, America and Japan and there are countries which are developing like Brazil and Malaysia but there are countries which are seriously under developed like Bangladesh and Ethiopia. If there is to be a fair world, less developed countries need moral and financial support on ground level from developed countries so they can improve their lives. Under developed countries have a shortage in supplies and as a moral responsibility people who are living a comfortable life should send some money to under developed countries so they can afford a bit of resources to improve their lives. People can send there charity money through charity funds and agencies. Islamic relief is an international charity which is dedicated to alleviating the suffering of the worlds poorest people; Islamic relief is an independent non governmental organisation. Islamic relief was started in the UK in 1984 by tow students Hany El Banna and Ihsan Shabib, since 1984 Islamic relief has become a huge international organisation.

10 of the fastest growing jobs right now

10 of the fastest growing jobs right now When you’re thinking about starting your career or switching careers to change things up, there are a number of important factors: skills and qualifications, the education you’ll need to get started (or move up), and- perhaps the biggest concern of all for many of us- the salary. But while you’re considering all of these very important elements, don’t forget about the future. A growth career is one that will work for you 5, 10, or 15 years down the line. If you choose a path that’s†¦shall we say†¦dwindling, then your options down the line may not be as great as if you pick a field that’s continuing to grow and evolve. Let’s look at some of the fastest growing fields and jobs, all which are anticipated to grow faster than average over the next decade.1. Interpreter/TranslatorBusiness is increasingly global these days, and as companies embrace this small-world trend, people who can help them navigate these international waters will be in hot demand. It’s also a career that has good flexibility- you may work in person directly translating what people are saying, but it could also include translating written documents.What you’ll need: Fluency in multiple languages, strong written and verbal communication skills, and a bachelor’s degree.What it pays: $46,120 per year median salary, or $22.17 per hour, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).Growth potential: 29% by 2024, per the BLS.2. Cost EstimatorIf you’re really good at those Price is Right games and have a mind for the big picture, then becoming a cost estimator might be a good option for your career. Cost estimators, well, estimate costs for goods or services in the most basic sense, but also use their skills to analyze data and determine the overall investment of time, money, and resources on a project. They serve an essential role in project planning. Cost estimators typically specialize in a particular industry, li ke manufacturing or construction.What you’ll need: Math/financial skills, research skills, analytical skills, and a bachelor’s degree in a field like math, management, or engineering.What it pays: $61,790 per year median salary, or $29.71 per hour, per the BLS.Growth potential: 9% by 2024, per the BLS.3. AudiologistIf you’ve ever seen one of those amazing videos of people hearing sounds for the first time ever after receiving cochlear implants, you know that audiologists serve a crucial purpose in helping people with hearing issues. These allied health professionals work with patients to test hearing and develop treatment plans to overcome varying types and severities of hearing loss. That work can include diagnosing issues, fitting patients with hearing equipment, and developing communication and comprehension skills.What you’ll need: A doctoral degree in audiology, plus a state license (check your state for specific licensing requirements).What it pays: $75,980 per year median salary, or $36.53 per hour, per the BLS.Growth potential: 29% by 2024, per the BLS.4. Pharmacy TechnicianOf all the growth fields over the next 10 years, perhaps none are moving as fast or exploding quite as much as healthcare. There are lots of reasons for this- aging Baby Boomers, more attention to health and wellness in general, a decline in overall health- but the upshot is that if you find a healthcare career path that works for you, it’s a safe bet for your future. Pharmacy technicians operate on the back end of healthcare, working with pharmacists to provide medication exactly as prescribed by doctors and with patients to ensure that they’re taking the medications correctly and safely.What you’ll need: Organizational skills, general science knowledge, extreme attention to detail, and a high school diploma or completion of a pharmacy technician program. Some states also require additional licensing or certification, so be sure to c heck your own state’s requirements.What it pays: $30,920 per year median salary, or $14.86 per hour, per the BLS.Growth potential: 9% by 2024, per the BLS.5. RecruiterIf you were the person who could hype any party to get the right people in the door or have a knack for matchmaking (in general, not necessarily in love), then you might be a great recruiter. These human resources professionals are scouts for talent, working on behalf of companies looking to fill positions. They may work independently as a contractor, or as a full-time employee as part of a Human Resources department.What you’ll need: Organizational skills, people skills, communication skills, and a bachelor’s degree.What it pays: $59,180 per year median salary, or $28.45 per hour, per the BLS.Growth potential: 5% by 2024, per the BLS.6. Dental HygienistDid we mention that healthcare jobs are hot? Don’t forget about the dental field, which is expected to grow alongside more traditional medic al fields. Dental hygienists are allied health professionals who work alongside dentists in dental offices or other medical facilities. They are the ones who can see right through your insistence that you’ve been flossing regularly, and are responsible for examining patients, evaluating for signs of disease, cleaning teeth, performing other dental health procedures, assisting with oral surgery, and educating patients on good dental health/follow-up care.What you’ll need: A good bedside manner, and an associate’s degree from an accredited dental hygiene program.What it pays: $72,910 per year median salary, or $35.05 per hour, per the BLS.Growth potential: 19% by 2024, per the BLS.7. Market Research AnalystData is king. So people who can wrangle data and help turn it into sales or marketing strategies are definitely on the royal court. With companies looking to take the ever-increasing amounts of customer and market data and turn it into better products or more sa les leads, market research analysts are the professionals who can make that happen. They take information about a consumer base or sales and turn that into a snapshot of what people want, what people will buy, and how much it should cost.What you’ll need: Math/financial skills, strong analytical skills, and a bachelor’s degree (though advanced positions may require a master’s degree).What it pays: $62,560 per year median salary, or $30.08 per hour, per the BLS.Growth potential: 19% by 2024, per the BLS.8. Biomedical EngineerBiomedical engineers actually combine two hot careers (tech and health) into one. These engineers design and create the tools, equipment, devices, computer systems, and software that are used in healthcare. They can work in academic research settings, the private sector, or government settings.What you’ll need: A strong background in both engineering and the biological sciences, tech skills, and a bachelor’s or master’s d egree in biomedical engineering or bioengineering.What it pays: $85,620 per year median salary, or $41.16 per hour, per the BLS.Growth potential: 23% by 2024, per the BLS.9. SonographerWhen you think â€Å"sonogram,† you might think of parents-to-be wielding those black and white photos that make babies look like peanuts, aliens, or any number of open-to-interpretation shapes. In reality, sonographers (the person behind the ultrasound/sonogram) use that imaging equipment for a variety of medical diagnostic purposes. These medical professionals work with physicians and surgeons to diagnose and assess internal medical issues.What you’ll need: Medical science knowledge, plus a certification or associate’s degree from an accredited allied health program.What it pays: $64,280 per year median salary, or $30.90 per hour, per the BLS.Growth potential: 24% by 2024, per the BLS.10. Event PlannerDo you have a passion for making sure every detail of a project is executed on time, with everyone in place who should be in place? Do you sleep better at night if your detailed spreadsheets and binders are nearby? If so, you might want to think about becoming an event planner. These professionals work for specific companies, like a hospitality company or a convention center, organizing and executing project plans for large gatherings like big meetings, conferences, social events, etc.What you’ll need: Extremely good organizational skills, communication skills, and a bachelor’s degree.What it pays: $47,350 per year median salary, or $22.76 per hour, per the BLS.Growth potential: 10% by 2024, per the BLS.So what do you think? Is one of these fast-growing careers the right choice for you?

Why we need music censorship in America essays

Why we need music censorship in America essays Two teenagers get up one morning. Both live normal lives and have never harmed a fly. However, years of listening to heavy metal, gothic, and rap music have put destructive suggestions into their subconsciences. They decide that their lives are not as perfect as they want them to be. They arrive at school with guns in hand, and start shooting at several of their peers and teachers. Some of the students and staff lay dead, others injured, and the rest emotionally instable all because of the music that provoked those kids that morning. Children should be protected and hindered from this weapon that has been fired on society. Some politicians believe that censoring or filtering out vulgar language and inappropriate themes will infringe on the artists right to freedom of expression. United States government should have right to censor all music for the sake of our teenagers who are yet to become the future leaders of America. I will have to admit that some teenagers will still have acc ess to whatever they want to listen to. And that some artists will be promoting what they have been doing underground if censorship becomes legal nationally. As you probably know, the Washington, D.C.-based American Psychological Association (APA) released the study, resulting from five experiments involving over 500 college students, in the May issue of the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. The violent songs increased feelings of hostility without provocation or threat, according to the study. It said the effect was not the result of differences in musical style, specific performing artist or arousal properties of the songs. Even the humorous violent songs increased aggressive thoughts, the study said. (Heins 66) This study definitely contradicts a popular notion that listening to angry, violent music actually serves as a positive catharsis for people. Some will say that, all music is not intended for everyone. It...

The 9 Worst Mistakes You Can Ever Make at Work

The 9 Worst Mistakes You Can Ever Make at Work Getting a reputation as someone who’s unprofessional is a kiss of death in any workplace. The minute coworkers (or, even worse, your manager) lose respect for you, the game is over. While you may still have a job, you’ll be surrounded by people who don’t trust you- an unpleasant experience for everyone involved. Here are some key mistakes to avoid if you want to remain at the top of your work game.1. BackstabbingIt may seem like a snide word behind the scenes is more efficient than a confrontation, but it will ultimately affect your reputation more than the colleague you made look bad. Don’t go over someone’s head to solve a problem. Instead, communicate and try to find a resolution that will make everyone happy.2. GossipingIt’s one thing to share information or backstory, but you’ll develop bad word of mouth if you’re constantly engaged in spreading negative rumors about other people. If it’s not constructive or producti ve, keep it to yourself- or share it with your boss if it’s serious enough that you need to speak up, but be accountable.3. Taking Credit for Someone Else’s WorkThis is just slimy- don’t steal ideals or misrepresent your work. Doing so will also make you look ineffective. If you had your own ideas, you wouldn’t need to steal, right?4. Emotional HijackingAlso known as losing your s#$@, a meltdown that involves yelling, throwing, verbal outbursts or making people cry is a fast way to destroy your credibility- or build a whole new credibility as a toddler who throws tantrums. Maintain your self control. Act like an adult. Whoever you blow up at doesn’t look as bad as you do.5. Announcing That You Hate Your JobIf it’s true, start job hunting and put on a good face so they’ll recommend you to your next employer. If it’s not, suck it up and look for ways to spread positivity at work!6. BraggingBe a pro; take your accomplishments in s tride. It’ll impress your friends and intimidate your rivals. Act like success is something you see every day and hardly notice any more, even (especially) if it isn’t true.7. LyingYou may want to protect yourself or someone else, but as soon as you start lying it’s a matter of time until you get caught! Even if it’s a small, unrelated lie, it can damage your relationships at work and your professional career.8. Smelly FoodTreat yourself to a lunch hour away from the office if you can’t resist your Indian leftovers or a Brussels sprout sandwich every day. Don’t sit in the break room- or worse, at your desk!- pretending nobody can smell what you brought from home. It’s distracting and takes forever to dissipate.9. Burning BridgesI still think fondly of the boss who laid me off, even 6 years later, because she made an effort to reach out to me afterwards, followed through on recommendations, and stayed in touch until I landed on my feet . She taught me how to handle even tough goodbyes- you also never know when you might need a connection made.On Mobile? Please Sign In Here to View Your Job Matches

The Role of the Manager in Health System Finance Essay

The Role of the Manager in Health System Finance - Essay Example The health system finance department needs a manager who ought to access and manage all funds in healthcare. The institutional and financial needs, in this case, will be available, due to well handling and running of funds. For healthcare institutions, methodologies of gaining funds range from grants, loans to government contracts. The manager in this instance has to come on board to organize all these funding methods. Economic evaluation is also possible with the full involvement of the manager in health system finance. This essay shall attempt to assess the role of the Manager in health system finance. The paper shall also explain the role of purchasers and commissioners in the fair allocation of resources, assess the viability of the use of clinical coding procedures for efficient payment and cost control, and finally evaluate the credibility of employing strategies to manage the effective use of coding systems in health care.  In the work of Smith & Curry (n.d.: 30), the purcha sers and commissioners have a greater role to play in ensuring fair allocation of resources in the healthcare system. In their work, Smith & Curry (n.d.: 30), bring out the concept that commissioning refers to making purchase strategically or rather planning and funding. In the United Kingdom, commissioning is mostly used in the National Health Service (NHS). This entails coming up with decisions that touch on the health requirements of the population and the required services that are required to meet these needs. In this case, the purchasers and commissioners come in handy to check for proper allocation of funds and the necessary resources to deliver full services to the population. On another viewpoint, Davies (2008: 25) indicates that the purchasers and commissioners play the role of monitoring the services that allow fulfill the standards put in place in the healthcare contracts.

Fiscal or Monetary Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fiscal or Monetary - Research Paper Example This is because the article was written at a time when the global economy had generally recovered from the economic crunch and so there was much active economic performance in terms of buying and selling. Because the global economy had generally recovered from the recession, a lot more employment avenues had been created and investments had started among several multinational companies. Consequently, Mathai (2011) notes that â€Å"workers then use their increased income to buy more goods and services, further bidding up prices and wages and pushing generalized inflation upward.† The above points discussed not withstanding; there is a very clear tendency that if the author had written his article at the time of recession from 2007 to 2009, his points and opinions would have changed a great deal. For instance at the time of the recession, even though monetary policies that were geared at adjusting the supply of money in the economy were relevant, these supplies were not needed to stabilize prices. Clearly there was no active demand and supply interfaces and so the need to channel resources at inflation would not have been the most prudent option. In relation to the recession of 2007 to 2009 therefore, the author’s choice of monetary policy would have been directed at economic growth, which would have been a perfect response to the consequences of the recession that was being

Shear Strength Tests Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Shear Strength Tests - Lab Report Example Top and bottom was joined using shear screws half of the shear box and solid 3mm plate was placed at the bottom of the shear box then the height d1 from the top of the plate to the bottom shear box was measured. A container containing sand weighing 0.1g was poured evenly into the Shear box from 5cm height 10mm from the top. The scraper was used to level the sand, and the weight of the sand sample within the shear box was measured. The thickness of the second plate 3mm plate, tp, and its weight was measured and recorded. Vernier ruler was used to measuring the distance from the top of the plate to top of the box at all 4 corners to 0.1mm then the average was recorded as d2. Sample volume, weight, density, and porosity was calculated. The computation of the porosity was based on sands grains possessing relative density Gs of 2.65.1.2  Loading the Sample Vertically  The Piston was weighed and gently placed on the top plate, and the vertical loading hanger was aligned onto the piston . The Vertical spindle was gently threaded until in contact with the piston. The locking nut was adjusted to keep the spindle in place and the load was placed on the lower hanger through turning handle. The lower hanger lever gave a 10 times multiplication of the load at the loading point, and the weight were recorded.1.3. Readying Sample for Shearing  The screws were joining the top and the bottom half of the box was removed, and all the dials were set to zero to ensure they fully engage and the coefficients value for each division was recorded.

Explain how the author's writing techniques help to explain the Essay

Explain how the author's writing techniques help to explain the meaning in Oedipus the King - Essay Example as been shown that Oedipus was a man who was known for his rapid speed action as well as a person who possessed a great deal of intellect and fore vision. He could actually look into the future and suggest for others as to what is going to happen next and he was quite good at that. Thus these qualities say a thing or two of him becoming an excellent ruler who foresaw his subjects’ needs and desires. As has been the case during the while of this story, we see that the relation between the different themes, the style and the tone employed have huge roles to play in actually detailing the readers about the story itself. The extent of easiness and calm found in the thematic discussions leads us into thinking that the writer really did the trick while showcasing the virtues, abilities and the like of the central characters in the play and more than that, Oedipus the King himself. The tone with which he has expressed the innate qualities with the help of beautifully chosen words just gives the right amount of tonic for the perfect blend that is so much needed to gel this piece of writing on the part of the writer. Furthermore, the essence of the general flow within the play has been charismatic to say the least, where different events and occasions are passing by without any sense of drag at any point in time. Oedipus’s habit with fast speed movement as concerns to decisions has been well documented in the story itself. The same has been portrayed courtesy the story attached with the King in the related context. Oedipus is doomed by his very own temperament. â€Å"I shall shrink from nothing in my search to find the murderer of Laius†. It was at the time when Creon brings news of Laius’s death that Oedipus does not even let him share what he has come to account for. In its place, Oedipus is on the run to find more and more questions as to what Creon actually knows. Similarly, Oedipus is so twisted on determining the real truth that he starts to threaten the old

Explaining Second Language Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Explaining Second Language Learning - Essay Example After evaluating and analyzing all theories presented by Lightbown and Spada, we shall conclude which theory has consistencies. Cognitive theory is consistent because it draws how the mind can achieve second languages irrespective of the role of environment and social context. Therefore, cognitive theory has proven to be consistent than sociocultural and social interaction theories. This is because sociocultural and social interaction theories focus on the role of environment and social context, thus making these theories be inconsistent (Lightbown, & Spada, 2012). Cognitive theory helps us understand that all second language learners, irrespective of their environment and social context have at present learned and acquired at least one language. It also elucidates that the human mind has the capability of learning anything new. Thus, it explains that human cognizance can be divided into twofold complex kinds of representation: prior knowledge and procedural knowledge (Lightbown, & Spada, 2012). Prior knowledge represents first language acquisition that is stored in long-term memory through schemas and images, and procedural knowledge represents L2 and this indicates that the human minds have the aptitude of learning anything new successfully. So, the central fact that makes cognitive theory consistent is the ability to expound that learning begins with prior knowledge, which is slowly modified to become proceduralized knowledge (Lightbown, & Spada, 2012). This means that learners of second languages have a conscious mind with advanced fluency and competency of the first language, and this will orient their thinking and speaking toward second language acquisition. Subsequently, cognitive theory expounds that the mind work in an information-processing model and this help human learning to achieve. For second language acquisition to be

Knowledge Management Essay Example for Free

Knowledge Management Essay The concept of treating organizational knowledge as a valuable asset to leading organizations has been popularized by leading management and organization theorists. Organizations are being advised that in order to remain competitive, they must efficiently and effectively create, locate, capture, and share their organizations knowledge and expertise, and have the ability to use that knowledge on specific problems and opportunities. Firms are showing a tremendous interest in implementing knowledge management processes and technologies, and are even beginning to adopt knowledge management as part of their overall business strategy. Although knowledge management is becoming widely accepted, few organizations today are fully capable of developing and leveraging critical organizational knowledge to improve their performance. Many organizations have become so complex that their knowledge is fragmented, difficult to locate and share, and therefore redundant, inconsistent or not used at all. In todays environment of rapid change and technological discontinuity, even knowledge and expertise that can be shared is often quickly made obsolete. However, while many people call for effectively managing knowledge, almost no research has been done regarding how to do it. What is Knowledge? Knowledge is commonly distinguished from data and information. Data represents observations or facts out of context, and therefore not directly meaningful. Information is derived from placing data within some meaningful context, often in the form of a message. Knowledge is what we come to believe and value based upon the meaningfully organized information (messages) one gains through experience, communication or inference. Knowledge can be viewed both as a thing to be stored and manipulated and also as a process of simultaneously knowing and acting that is, applying expertise. In order to succeed in todays business world, organizations need to manage knowledge both as an object and as a process. Knowledge can be tacit or explicit. Tacit knowledge is subconsciously understood and applied, difficult to articulate, developed from direct  experience and action, and usually shared through highly interactive conversation, story-telling and shared experience. Explicit knowledge on the other hand, can be more precisely articulated. Therefore, although more conceptual, it can be more easily codified, documented, transferred or shared. Explicit knowledge is playing an increasingly large role in organizations, and it is considered by some to be the most important factor of production in the knowledge economy. Imagine an organization without procedure manuals, product literature, or computer software. Knowledge may be of several types, each of which may be made explicit. Knowledge about something is called declarative knowledge. A shared, explicit understanding of concepts, categories, and descriptors lays the foundation for effective communication and knowledge sharing in organizations. Knowledge of how something works or is performed is called procedural knowledge. Shared explicit procedural knowledge lays a foundation for efficiently coordinated action in organizations. Knowledge why something occurs is called causal knowledge. Shared explicit causal knowledge, often in the form of organizational stories, enables organizations to coordinate strategy for achieving goals or outcomes. Knowledge also may range from general to specific. General knowledge is broad and independent of particular events. Specific knowledge, in contrast, is context-specific. General knowledge can be more easily and meaningfully codified and exchanged, especially among different knowledge or practice communities. Codifying specific knowledge in order for it to be meaningful across an organization requires its context to be described along with the focal knowledge. This requires explicitly defining contextual categories and relationships that are meaningful across knowledge communities. Implementing Knowledge Effective performance and growth in knowledge-intensive organizations requires integrating and sharing highly distributed knowledge. Although tacit knowledge develops through observing action, it is more easily exchanged, distributed, or combined among communities of practice by being  made explicit. However, explicating tacit knowledge so it can be efficiently and effectively shared and reused is one of the least understood aspects of knowledge management. Even so, deciding which explicit knowledge an organization should use can affect competitive performance. Knowledge may be naturally tacit or it might appear that way because it hasnt been articulated yet, most likely because of social issues. Articulating particular types of knowledge may not be culturally legitimate, because challenging what the organization knows may not be socially or politically correct, or the organization may be unable to see beyond its customary habits and practices. Also, making private knowledge public and accessible may result in a redistribution of power that may be upsetting or rebelled upon in particular organizational cultures. Knowledge also may remain unarticulated because of intellectual constraints in cases where organizations have no formal language or model in order to articulate it. Potentially explicable knowledge that has not been articulated displays a lost opportunity to efficiently share and disperse that knowledge. If competitors have articulated the integration of similar knowledge, then they may obtain a competitive advantage. However, knowledge that is naturally inarticulable that organizations attempt to make explicit may result in the knowledge being lost, and performance suffering. Articulable knowledge that has been made explicit represents an opportunity that has been taken advantage of. Organizations often do not challenge the way knowledge is stored, treated or passed on. However, managers should not blindly accept the apparent tacitness of knowledge. Mrs. Fields Cookies, for example was able to develop a knowledge process (baking cookies) to a level high enough to be explicated and articulated in a recipe that produces cookies of consistently high quality. The cookies are apparently supposed to be almost as good as those originally baked by Debbie Fields herself. The famous chef Ray Kroc was extremely successful in articulating and routinizing the process of cooking a hamburger to produce a consistent, if not gourmet, level of quality. Although explicit knowledge represents only a part of the intellectual part of an organization, it plays a crucial role in the overall knowledge strategy of the organization. Its management requires frameworks and well-considered architectures. Knowledge processing can be put into two broad classes: integrative and interactive, each dealing with different knowledge management objectives. Together, these methods provide a broad set of knowledge processing capabilities. They support well-structured bases for managing explicit knowledge while at the same time involving tacit knowledge. Integrative applications use a sequential flow of explicit knowledge into and out of the central base. Producers and consumers interact with this repository rather than with each other directly. The repository becomes the primary means of knowledge exchange, providing a place for members of a knowledge community to contribute their knowledge and views. The primary focus tends to be on the repository and the explicit knowledge it contains, rather than on the contributors, users, or the tacit knowledge they may have. Integrative applications vary in the extent to which knowledge producers and consumers come from the same knowledge community. At one extreme, which is called electronic publishing, the consumers (readers) neither directly engage in the same work nor belong to the same practice community as the producers (authors). Once published, the content tends to be stable, and those few updates that may be required are expected to originate with authors. The consumer accepts the content as it is, and active feedback or modification by the user is not anticipated. For example, the organization may produce a periodic newsletter, or the human resources department may publish its policies or a directory of employee skills and experience. On the other extreme, the producers and consumers are members of the same practice community or organizational unit. While still using a sequential flow, the repository provides a means to integrate and build on their collective knowledge. These are labeled integrated knowledge bases. A best-practices database is the most common application. Practices are  collected, integrated and shared among people confronting similar problems. Regarding the organizational roles for managing integrative applications, acquisition requires knowledge creators, finders, and collectors. Capturing verbal knowledge requires interviewers and transcribers. Documenting observed experiences requires organizational reporters. Surfacing and interpreting deeply held cultural and social knowledge may require corporate anthropologists. Refining requires analysts, interpreters, abstractors, classifiers, editors, and integrators. A librarian or knowledge curator must manage the repository. Others must take responsibility for access, distribution and presentation. Finally, organizations may need people to train users to critically interpret, evaluate and adapt knowledge to new contexts. Interactive applications are focused primarily on supporting interaction among people who hold tacit knowledge. In contrast to integrative applications, the repository is a result of interaction and collaboration rather than the primary focus of the application. Its content is dynamic and evolving. Interactive applications vary by the level of expertise between producers and consumers and the degree of structure placed upon their interaction. Where formal training or knowledge transfer is the objective, the interaction tends to be primarily between instructor and student, or expert and novice, and structured around a discrete problem, assignment or lesson plan. These applications are referred to as distributed learning. In contrast, interaction among those performing common practices or tasks tends to be more ad hoc or emergent. These applications are referred to as forums. They may take the form of a knowledge brokerage an electronic discussion space where people may either search for knowledge (e.g., Does anyone know) or advertise their expertise. The most interactive forums support ongoing, collaborative discussions. The producers and consumers comprise the same group of people, continually responding to and building on each individuals additions to the discussion. The flow continually loops  back from presentation to acquisition. With the appropriate structuring and indexing of the content, a knowledge repository can be developed. A standard categorization scheme for indexing contributions provides the ability to reapply that knowledge across the enterprise. Interactive applications play a major role in supporting integrative business procedures. For example, a forum can be linked to an electronic publishing application for editors to discuss the quality of the contributions, or to offer a place for readers to react to and discuss the publication. Best practice databases typically require some degree of forum interaction, so that those attempting to adopt a practice have an opportunity to discuss its reapplication with its creators. Knowledge Management and Factors Affecting IT Effective use of information technology to communicate knowledge requires an organization to share a common perspective from where the information can be analyzed. The more that communicators share similar knowledge, background and experience, the more effectively knowledge can be communicated via electronically mediated channels. At one extreme, the dissemination of explicit, factual knowledge within a workplace that possess a high level of shared contextual knowledge can be accomplished through access to a central center of data. However, when a common perspective is not present, or the knowledge exchanged is less explicit, or the community is loosely tied together, then more interactive modes such as electronic mail or discussion databases are appropriate. When the perspective is not well shared and knowledge is primarily tacit, communication and narrated experience is best supported with the most interactive modes such as video conferencing or face-to-face conversation. Cultural, People and Organizational Issues Effective knowledge management has to tackle cultural, people and organizational issues first, as these things cannot be solved by purchasing an off-the-shelf product. Conflicts, ambitions and inter-organizational  politics are strong factors of the knowledge management process. The key to a successful knowledge management implementation is a culture that encourages the creation and sharing of knowledge, and processes  ­ technology, in order to handle these problems effectively. Unfortunately, most performance systems and processes do not reward  ­ adequately or maybe at all  ­the sharing and reuse of knowledge. If the culture of the organization does not reward knowledge sharing, then knowledge management is no going to be successful. Employees need strong incentives to participate in such schemes; otherwise they tend to feel that information is being squeezed out of them. If employees see this as an invasion of privacy, it certainly will not work. A company that is going to succeed at knowledge management will need a culture of confidence, trust, mutual respect and mutual support which encourages the application of knowledge, and a willingness to share power through shared information. Sharing knowledge will only be successful when a market  ­demand and supply ­ for knowledge is created. Eventually, the shared knowledge base will lead to the erosion of private power bases, as high-quality information becomes available online. While technology can only be an enabler and not a driver, some solutions, can influence organizational culture and help to bring about the necessary changes. In particular, if a technology solution provides quality information in a shared knowledge base that is fast and easy to access, people will want to participate. For example, at Motorola, a knowledge management system piloted by one group of users was provided on a read-only basis to everyone. Soon everyone demanded the ability to participate in full. In conclusion, one can see how understanding and utilizing knowledge management can lead to success in an organization. Developing effective methods of knowledge retrieval, analysis and dissemination will yield great benefits to any organization.

Effects of Science on Changing Knowledge

Effects of Science on Changing Knowledge â€Å"That which is accepted as knowledge today is sometimes discarded tomorrow.† Consider knowledge issues raised by this statement in two areas of knowledge. Rhumer Culmer Knowledge itself is â€Å"facts, information and skills acquired by a person through experience or education† (Merriam-Webster). It is the understanding of any given subject matter and can be understood either practically or rationally. Knowledge can be broken up into numerous hypotheses and theories due to different beliefs people may have. These hypotheses can be proven to be true as they are justified logically through experiments or observation. However, others can be considered to be unjustified for a certain amount of time. There is a constant change in knowledge that is accepted because the view that people have on the world is never written in stone. The way people see the world and the things in it changes with time, as they change as a person or their environment changes as well. The reason knowledge can be accepted today and can be discarded tomorrow is because society is mechanized at every moment. Somewhere in the world, a new discovery is taking place, leading to new information on subject matter. The use of the word discarded in the statement given does not necessarily mean that all previous knowledge is thrown away and an entirely new idea is accepted, but it actually explains the idea of evolution and the world moving forward as a society. Evolution is the idea that the views on the world as we see it â€Å"may be tested and retested by future observations† (Wikipedia). As technology becomes more mechanized and gaining information is facilitated, we are able to understand more. This not only happens because of technological advances, but also because of worldwide social trends as well as new discoveries being made. Because of this a knowledge issue can be created; since some knowledge is discarded tomorrow, or what could be the near future, does this mean that the knowledge what we currently possess will always eventually be proven incorrect? New discoveries are constantly being made specifically in two areas of knowledge – natural/human sciences and history. Historians make new discoveries continuously, which is known as historical revisionism. This means that what we know from history now is not necessarily always wrong; it is just open to review. The idea of historical revisionism essentially shows that â€Å"constant revision of history is part of the normal scholarly process of writing history† (Wikipedia). As history is not complete, it is always modified to change truths in order to fit modern society. Therefore, this emphasizes the idea that instead of all knowledge being rejected because it is wrong, it is actually still accepted as the truth that has been modified due to new information, thus creating a better truth. Nevertheless, just because everything is open to modification, this does not mean that everything is right at the moment. This shows that we must never fully believe what has been given to us as fact because there is always something more to be added which can end up changing our view on the subject matter. Knowledge is also constantly altered in another area of knowledge: natural and human sciences. Scientific discoveries that create the knowledge that we accept are made from experiments and observations. These experiments are done with the use of scientific methodology, which is defined as â€Å"principles and procedures for the systematic pursuit of knowledge involving the recognition and formulation of a problem, the collection of data through observation and experiment, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses† (Merriam-Webster). Scientific methodology has become more accurate over time due to advances in technology, thus affecting what is accepted and what is discarded. A good example of this is when scientists found a direct link between people smoking cigarettes and developing lung cancer. In the past, lung cancer was actually considered an exceptionally rare disease. Therefore, the fact that was accepted then was that there was no link to smoking and getting the dis ease. However, in the 1950s, â€Å"evidence linking cigarette smoking with lung cancer began to accumulate† (Bastian, 2008), showing that the fact that was accepted before was discarded by some people as they believed that there was now a connection between cigarettes and lung cancer. Scientific methodology even proved that there was a relationship between the two; â€Å"†¦study, carried out in Britain between 1951 and 1994, revealed that the death rate for smokers from lung cancer was about three times that of non-smokers from men over 35† (Bastian, 2008). Even though this experiment clearly showed a link between the two variables, some people still accepted that there was no way smoking cigarettes would at some point make you develop lung cancer. This example questions our knowledge issue as well as the statement given because we now see that knowledge given today and knowledge that is discarded tomorrow is not only done because of facts but also in the end it i s a person’s choice what they want to believe in. It depends on the people themselves: in the end, there is no way for anyone to be forced to discard any knowledge that they possess or accept anything that they do not want to. Medical advances also have been a result of discarded knowledge that was previously accepted. An example of this is the medical advances over the past 25+ years or so with heart disease. In the past, it was accepted that â€Å"heart attacks, called infarcts, were [big] and the damage to heart muscle was often catastrophic, leading eventually to heart failure and death† (Cox, 2009). The only cure for a heart attack was putting a patient into a dark room and giving them pain medication and medicine to â€Å"prevent dangerous irregular heartbeats† (Cox, 2009). This method was not successful all the time because the rate of death from this disease was still high. Both doctors and patients thought there was nothing they could do and accepted it. This accepted fact was discarded in the 2000s because there were new discoveries. Finding new drugs, such as Lipitor, for heart disease â€Å"are now routinely used to slow the progression of atherosclerosis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Cox, 2009) , which is plaque that can cause heart attacks. This example shows that the increase in technology and new discoveries helps improve the knowledge that we have accepted in the past, or even change our knowledge for the better. The use of the word accepted in the statement implies that there is something or someone influencing what is accepted by society, and which is denied. Whatever is accepted by society is called the truth. This brings in the idea of social factors affecting what people believe in. Nowadays, people are under the influence of way too many people. For example, celebrities have more influence on people than they should. If they say one thing is the right thing to do, then most people follow this idea. Proof of this is the changing trends in clothing. Celebrities can wear one thing and suddenly most people are wearing the same thing, if not something similar because they think it looks good. This shows that today or better yet, in the present, the ideas are accepted. However tomorrow, or in the future, the trends can be discarded. This happens if a different celebrity wears something else. The public then think whatever they were wearing before is no longer acceptable, therefore they must m ove on with the world. Another example of this is a person’s view on the world from when they were younger to when they become older. For instance, as a child we are taught that the opposite sex is annoying, strange and can spread a fictional disease, sometimes called cooties. As children we all accepted this as common fact and dare not test the theory to be incorrect. However, with the test of time, or aging, we start to view the opposite sex as attractive in certain ways. Therefore, we end up discarding what we thought was pure fact and knowledge as a child. There is proof of this because there are males and females getting married, starting families and having serious relationships worldwide. Things that are currently accepted as knowledge are easily open to be discarded in the future. Nothing is permanent because what we believe constantly changes. This is due to technology and research on different subject matter being furthered. However, if any piece of knowledge is accepted or discarded entirely depends on the person. There are many cases to show that generally, yes, knowledge has been accepted and discarded throughout time, but in the end it is always up to a single person to determine if they want to accept a piece of knowledge or to discard a piece of knowledge because it is their belief. People’s beliefs change over time because the world around us is constantly changing and there is no way to stop that, thus there will be a large number of ideas that will be accepted and discarded in society in the future. Works Cited Bastian, Sue. Chapter 10: Natural Science. Pearson Baccalaureate: Theory of Knowledge. N.p.: Pearson Education Limited, 2008. 172-80. Print. Scientific Method. Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 07 Jan. 2014. Cox, Lauren. The Top 10 Medical Advances of the Decade. The Top 10 Medical Advances of the Decade. MedPage Today, 17 Dec. 2009. Web. 06 Jan. 2014. Definition of Knowledge in English. Knowledge: Definition of Knowledge in Oxford Dictionary (British World English). Copyright  © 2013 Oxford University Press., n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2014. Historical Revisionism. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 27 Dec. 2013. Web. 05 Jan. 2014.